Art photography

Description

The chart is an interactive lineage map. Art photography sits at the center, on a timeline that runs from older movements at the top to newer ones at the bottom. The movements that influenced it appear above it, any parallel movements it developed alongside sit on its own row, and the movements it later influenced appear below. Every line is a real, cited connection between two movements: a solid line is an influence historians broadly agree on, and a dashed line is an indirect, parallel, or contested link.

For Art photography (late 19th Century – Present), it traces three movements that shaped it, all indirect or contested links: Aestheticism, Symbolism and Tonalism.

Fine-art photography is photography created in line with the vision of the photographer as artist, using photography as a medium for creative expression. The goal of fine-art photography is to express an idea, a message, or an emotion. This stands in contrast to representational photography, such as photojournalism, which provides a documentary visual account of specific subjects and events, literally representing objective reality, rather than the subjective intent of the photographer; and commercial photography, the primary focus of which is to advertise products or services. Read more ↗

Key Artists

Alfred Stieglitz
The pioneering patriarch who fought to establish photography as a fine art form, founding the Photo-Secession, publishing 'Camera Work', and running Gallery 291 in New York.
Edward Steichen
Co-founder of the Photo-Secession who bridged moody, painterly Pictorialist gum-bichromate prints with sharp-focus modernist fashion and portrait photography.
Julia Margaret Cameron
19th-century British portraitist celebrated by later fine-art photographers as a direct precursor for her poetic, soft-focus, psychological portraits and allegorical scenes.
Gertrude Käsebier
Founding member of the Photo-Secession and leading American Pictorialist photographer famous for evocative, softly lit portraits of motherhood and Native Americans.
Edward Weston
Co-founder of Group f/64 who abandoned Pictorialist soft focus to create sculptural, razor-sharp straight photographs of seashells, peppers, and California dunes.
Ansel Adams
Virtuoso of straight landscape photography and Group f/64 co-founder who invented the Zone System to achieve infinite tonal precision across majestic American national parks.

Famous Artworks

The Steerage
The Steerage
Alfred Stieglitz · 1907
Metropolitan Museum of Art / Museum of Modern Art, New York - Photogravure print
Credit: Cleveland Museum of Art - Alfred Stieglitz
The Flatiron
The Flatiron
Edward Steichen · 1904
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York - Gum bichromate over platinum print
Credit: Edward Steichen (Wikimedia Commons)
Sir John Herschel
Sir John Herschel
Julia Margaret Cameron · 1867
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York - Albumen silver print from glass negative
Credit: Cleveland Museum of Art - Julia Margaret Cameron
Blessed Art Thou Among Women
Blessed Art Thou Among Women
Gertrude Käsebier · 1899
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York - Platinum print
Credit: Gertrude Käsebier (Wikimedia Commons)
Pepper No. 30
Pepper No. 30
Edward Weston · 1930
Center for Creative Photography, Tucson, Arizona / MoMA, New York - Gelatin silver print
Credit: Edward Weston (Wikimedia Commons)
Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico
Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico
Ansel Adams · 1941
Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York - Gelatin silver print
Credit: Ansel Adams (Wikimedia Commons)

Fun Facts

In 1932, Edward Weston, Ansel Adams, and Imogen Cunningham formed 'Group f/64' in California, naming their collective after the smallest camera lens aperture setting (f/64) because it yielded maximum sharpness and depth of field, rejecting blurry Pictorialism once and for all.
↗ Source: britannica.com
To produce the moody, painterly colors in his famous 1904 photograph 'The Flatiron', Edward Steichen hand-applied layers of light-sensitive gum bichromate pigmented with Prussian blue directly onto his platinum print, creating a unique photographic print that functioned exactly like an original painting.
↗ Source: metmuseum.org

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