Description
The chart is an interactive lineage map. Heidelberg School sits at the center, on a timeline that runs from older movements at the top to newer ones at the bottom. The movements that influenced it appear above it, any parallel movements it developed alongside sit on its own row, and the movements it later influenced appear below. Every line is a real, cited connection between two movements: a solid line is an influence historians broadly agree on, and a dashed line is an indirect, parallel, or contested link.
For Heidelberg School (c. 1886 – 1900), it traces two movements that shaped it, all well-established links: Impressionism and Plein Air; it runs alongside one parallel movement, an indirect or contested link: American Impressionism.
The Heidelberg School was an Australian art movement of the late 19th century. It has been described as Australian impressionism.
Melbourne art critic Sidney Dickinson coined the term in an 1891 review of works by Arthur Streeton and Walter Withers, two local artists who painted en plein air in Heidelberg on the city's rural outskirts. The term has since evolved to cover these and other painters - most notably Tom Roberts, Charles Conder and Frederick McCubbin - who worked together at "artists' camps" around Melbourne and Sydney in the 1880s and 1890s. Drawing on naturalist and impressionist ideas, they sought to capture Australian life, the bush, and the harsh sunlight that typifies the country. Read more ↗
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