Description
The chart is an interactive lineage map. Symbolism sits at the center, on a timeline that runs from older movements at the top to newer ones at the bottom. The movements that influenced it appear above it, any parallel movements it developed alongside sit on its own row, and the movements it later influenced appear below. Every line is a real, cited connection between two movements: a solid line is an influence historians broadly agree on, and a dashed line is an indirect, parallel, or contested link.
For Symbolism (c. 1880 – 1910), it traces two movements that shaped it, all well-established links: Romanticism and Fin de siècle; it runs alongside three parallel movements, all well-established links: Aestheticism, Les Nabis and New Sculpture; it fans out to seven movements it went on to influence, a mix of well-established and looser, indirect links: Art Nouveau, Art photography, Berlin Secession, Expressionism, Metaphysical painting, Vienna Secession and Young Poland.
In works of art, literature, and narrative, a symbol is a concrete element like an object, character, image, situation, or action that suggests or hints at abstract, deeper, or non-literal meanings or ideas. The use of symbols artistically is symbolism. In literature, such as novels, plays, and poems, symbolism goes beyond just the literal written words on a page, since writing itself is also inherently a system of symbols.
Artistic symbols may be intentionally built into a work by its creator, which in the case of narratives can make symbolism a deliberate narrative device. However, it also may be decided upon by the audience or by a consensus of scholars through their interpretation of the work. Various synonyms exist for this type of symbol, based on specific genre, artistic medium, or domain: visual symbol, literary symbol, poetic symbol, etc. Read more ↗
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