Viennese Actionism

Description

Viennese Actionism was a short-lived art movement in the 20th-century that spanned the 1960s into the 1970s. It is regarded as part of the independent efforts made during the 1960s to develop the issues of performance art, Fluxus, happening, action painting, and body art. Its main participants were Günter Brus, Otto Mühl, Hermann Nitsch, and Rudolf Schwarzkogler. Others involved in the movement include Anni Brus, Heinz Cibulka and Valie Export. Many of the Actionists have continued their artistic work independently of Viennese Actionism movement. Read more ↗

Key Artists

Günter Brus
Co-founder of Viennese Actionism whose radical self-painting actions transformed his own body into a canvas, culminating in extreme performances challenging Austrian moral decency laws.
Otto Muehl
Co-founder who abandoned traditional easel painting to stage intense 'Material Actions,' pouring food, paint, and fluids over human bodies in cathartic happenings.
Hermann Nitsch
Co-founder and creator of the 'Orgien Mysterien Theater,' staging ritualistic actions with animal blood, carcasses, and music to induce profound existential catharsis.
Rudolf Schwarzkogler
Co-founder known for his highly controlled, clinical, and poetic photographic 'Actions' involving bandaged bodies, surgical instruments, and minimal white settings.
VALIE EXPORT
Feminist media and actionist artist associated with the Vienna scene who confronted male voyeurism and bodily commodification through provocative feminist street actions.
Kurt Kren
Avant-garde filmmaker whose rapid-fire structural films provided the definitive, visceral filmic documentation and artistic translation of the Viennese Actionists' performances.

Famous Artworks

Self-Painting 1 (Selbstbemalung I)
Günter Brus · 1964
Tate Modern, London / mumok Vienna - Photographic documentation of performance action
1st Action (1. Aktion)
Hermann Nitsch · 1962
mumok Museum moderner Kunst Stiftung Ludwig Wien - Performance action and blood picture on canvas
3rd Action (3. Aktion)
Rudolf Schwarzkogler · 1965
Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York - Gelatin silver print series
TAPP und TASTKINO (Touch and Tap Cinema)
VALIE EXPORT · 1968
Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York / mumok Vienna - Performance action and documentary photography
6/64: Mama und Papa
Kurt Kren · 1964
Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York / mumok Vienna - 16mm film (color, silent)

Fun Facts

Viennese Actionism was never a formal organized collective with a written manifesto; as Hermann Nitsch noted, it was rather a convergence of independent artists reacting to the suffocating social conservatism and repressed World War II trauma of post-war Austria.
↗ Source: en.wikipedia.org
In 1968, following an infamous public event titled 'Art and Revolution' at the University of Vienna, several Actionists faced severe moral indecency charges and short prison terms, prompting Günter Brus and Otto Muehl to temporarily flee Austria.
↗ Source: en.wikipedia.org

Shop