Black Arts Movement

Description

The Black Arts Movement (BAM) was an African-American-led art movement that was active during the 1960s and 1970s. Through activism and art, BAM created new cultural institutions and conveyed a message of black pride. The movement expanded from the accomplishments of artists of the Harlem Renaissance.

Famously referred to by Larry Neal as the "aesthetic and spiritual sister of Black Power", BAM applied these same political ideas to art and literature. and artists found new inspiration in their African heritage as a way to present the black experience in America. Artists such as Aaron Douglas, Hale Woodruff, and Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller pioneered the movement with a distinctly modernist aesthetic. This style influenced the proliferation of African American art during the twentieth century. Read more ↗

Key Artists

Jeff Donaldson
Co-founder of AfriCOBRA (African Commune of Bad Relevant Artists) in Chicago in 1968 and author of its influential manifesto defining the Black Arts Movement visual aesthetic.
Barbara Jones-Hogu
Founding member of AfriCOBRA and printmaker whose vibrant, text-heavy screenprints like 'Unite' epitomized BAM's call for Black pride and solidarity.
Wadsworth Jarrell
Founding member of AfriCOBRA who pioneered the 'Coolade colors' and dynamic text-integrated painting style celebrating Black political figures.
Faith Ringgold
Pioneering feminist and Black Arts Movement painter and soft-sculptor whose 'American People Series' confronted racial violence and systemic oppression.
Betye Saar
Assemblage and collage artist who reclaimed and subverted racist stereotypes and Americana relics into empowered symbols of Black liberation.
David Hammons
Conceptual and assemblage artist known for his powerful late-1960s and 1970s grease 'body prints' reflecting the social realities of Black Americans.

Famous Artworks

Unite
Barbara Jones-Hogu · 1969
Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York - Screenprint
Revolutionary
Wadsworth Jarrell · 1972
Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York - Screenprint
Wives of Shango
Jeff Donaldson · 1969
Brooklyn Museum, New York - Watercolor and gouache on paper
American People Series #20: Die
Faith Ringgold · 1967
Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York - Oil on canvas
The Liberation of Aunt Jemima
Betye Saar · 1972
Berkeley Art Museum and Pacific Film Archive, California - Mixed-media assemblage
Injustice Case
David Hammons · 1970
Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA) - Body print and American flag

Fun Facts

AfriCOBRA artists deliberately utilized inexpensive screenprinting techniques so that their politically charged, empowering artwork could be mass-distributed and affordable for working-class Black households.
↗ Source: americanart.si.edu
The Black Arts Movement was famously declared by co-founder Larry Neal in 1968 to be the exact 'aesthetic and spiritual sister of the Black Power concept.'
↗ Source: tate.org.uk

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